USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN          下载免费PDF全文

GAO Shuai-po  RAN Yong-kang  WU Fu-yao  XU Liang-xin  WANG Hu  LIANG Ming-jian 《地震地质》2017,39(4):793-804

Alluvial fans that are in the process of development always show complex geomorphic features due to natural modification. Accordingly, analyzing these fans whether to be influenced by tectonic deformation is one of the technique difficulties in active tectonic studies. Complex alluvial fans are the focus of the study of active tectonics such as fracture mapping and activity behavior analysis, for they have often retained important structural information. Traditional measurement methods, such as satellite remote sensing, RTK GPS and Lidar, are difficult to meet the demand for the study of micro tectonic deformation because of the reason of accuracy or cost performance. The recent UAV photogrammetry technology, due to its many advantages such as low cost, high resolution, and efficiency of exporting DEM and DOM data, has been widely used in three-dimensional modeling, ground mapping and other fields. In the quantitative study of active tectonics, this technology fills up the deficiency in the research of the micro structure of the traditional measurement. Through detailed field investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we further used this technology to obtain the topographic data of a complex alluvial fan located at the southern marginal fault of Barkol Basin, Xinjiang. Pointing at the alluvial fans that are in the process of development, and on the basis of topographic analysis and image processing for DEM, we take the research method of secondary partitions of the geomorphic surface and cut the alluvial fans longitudinally according to the difference of its age. Through the establishment of profile cluster within each partition, separate analysis and data contrast with the adjacent partitions, we acquired the tectonic activity information during the development of alluvial fan. The tectonic vertical deformation of this alluvial fan is about 2.5m.  相似文献   

陆相盆地水下扇扇中亚相的微相细分--以东营凹陷史南地区沙二9梁家楼水下扇为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王冠民  钟建华  宋书君  韩忠义  牛纪凤 《煤田地质与勘探》2005,33(3):8-12

通过对东营凹陷史南地区沙二9砂层组的小层精细对比和微相细分,可以将梁家楼水下扇扇中亚相进一步划分出辫状水道、辫状砂坝、“边滩”、侧缘砂坝、侧缘分支沟道、末端砂坝、冲溢扇、低阶地、高阶地等9个微相。不同微相之间的砂体粒度变化、平面发育位置都有明显的不同,尤其是其中的辫状砂坝、“边滩”、侧缘砂坝是在水下地形较平坦,坡度较小的情况下,由辫状沟道侧向迁移形成的。对水下扇扇中亚相的微相细分和重新厘定,不仅有助于对水下扇沉积过程的进一步了解,而且也将有助于油田对水下扇砂体剩余油的分布研究和开发方案的调整。   相似文献   

黑龙江省三江盆地鹤岗凹陷下白垩统猴石沟组沉积特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冀华丽  何中波  秦明宽  卫三元  曹建辉  杨帆 《地质论评》2020,66(1):52-67

笔者等通过对鹤岗凹陷北部露头和钻孔资料的综合利用,结合少量的样品分析及薄片鉴定工作,对研究区下白垩统猴石沟组主要岩石学特征、沉积相类型及展布特征进行了综合研究,在此基础上,以砂岩型铀矿成矿理论为指导,对猴石沟组有利成矿砂体的沉积相类型进行了初步讨论。认为①猴石沟组砂体以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑砂岩为主,主要为陆相淡水沉积环境,具较高的还原容量;②研究区内猴石沟组主要为扇三角洲沉积环境,并划分为辫状河道、漫滩沼泽、水下分流河道、河口坝、席状砂和分流间湾等6种微相;③猴石沟组沉辫状河道砂体可作为寻找潜水氧化带型砂岩型铀矿的重点类型,而水下分流河道砂体是作为寻找层间氧化带型砂岩型铀矿的主攻类型。  相似文献   

正断层控制下冲积扇沉积过程与沉积构型模拟实验          下载免费PDF全文

魏思源  刘忠保  吴胜和  王玺童 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1095-1108

正断层构造广泛发育于盆地内和造山带中,其对可容空间分配及沉积物分布具有明显的控制作用,从而影响了冲积扇形态。为进一步探究正断层构造对冲积扇沉积过程及其内部构型的控制作用,利用水槽实验对正断层构造发育背景下的冲积扇发育过程进行模拟再现。研究表明,携带大量沉积物的碎屑流优先在上盘近断层处泄载,后经牵引流的改造,形成沿断面垂向生长、尖端指向物源的三角形分水滩。水动力较强时碎屑流越过分水滩并在分水滩尾部发育越滩朵体,水动力较弱时碎屑流遇分水滩尖端分流后沿断面在分水滩两侧发育断面朵体。受控于断面及分水滩的阻挡,冲积扇表面不同位置的沉积物泄载过程差异较大,粒度差异明显,上盘扇体中分水滩沉积物偏粗,越滩朵体次之,断面朵体最细。冲积扇的发育过程依据分水滩砂体厚度和断距大小之间的差异,共分为3个阶段。断距大小还会影响冲积扇沉积构型,断距越大,上盘可容空间越大,分水滩发育时间越长,扇体内部砂体叠置样式越复杂。受控于正断层的冲积扇内部构型在垂直物源剖面上从近端至远端,分别发育纵向沙坝、分水滩及碎屑流朵体,在平行物源剖面上以复合水道主控、分水滩叠复体主控、多期朵体叠复体主控为主。  相似文献   

干旱条件下冲积扇的沉积构型和演化过程: 基于水槽模拟实验          下载免费PDF全文

朱一杰  夏瑞  郑云柯  刘晨虎  于斌  吕峻岭  冯文杰 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1081-1094

利用延时相机以及3D激光扫描仪等设备,通过水槽实验获得了74组扇面地貌数据,并采用定量化的软件对这些数据进行了精细的沉积学分析,明确了干旱条件下冲积扇的沉积演化过程及其控制的沉积构型。研究表明: (1)干旱条件下冲积扇沉积演化过程中水动力、水流样式、扇体增生规律等均存在明显的差异性,根据这些差异将整个模拟实验分为早期、中期、晚期3个阶段。(2)实验早期,扇体水动力较强,主控沉积作用为片流沉积,根据片流沉积的分布范围,可将其分为整体片流沉积和局部片流沉积。(3)实验中期,扇体中远端水动力及扇面扩大速率均有所减小,主控沉积作用为非限定性水道,主要沉积体为朵体沉积,非限定性水道主要分布在近源端,而朵体主要分布在水道末端的开阔地带。(4)实验晚期,受巨大的扇体影响,水动力进一步减小,主控沉积作用为限定性水道沉积。(5)通过实验研究,建立了具有明显3层结构的干旱条件下冲积扇沉积构型模式,其中底层是片流朵体复合体、中层为非限制性水道与末端朵体复合体、顶层是水道和小型末端朵体复合体。  相似文献   

惠民凹陷西部沙四下亚段冲积扇沉积类型与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

张鑫  张金亮 《沉积与特提斯地质》2011,(4):20-27

本文在岩心观察和描述的基础上,结合地震、测井等资料及平面上砂体的分布形态,对惠民凹陷西部沙四下亚段的沉积特征及成因进行了研究。认为研究区沙四下亚段主要发育冲积扇沉积的泥石流扇和辫状河扇两种类型,共识别出了6种沉积微相。宁南断层和无南断层下降盘发育大面积的辫状河扇沉积。砂体垂直岸线分布,延伸距离较远。平面上分布呈扇形,沉积相带分异不明显,主要沉积微相为辫状河道、河道砂坝与河道间沉积。邻近齐广断层断崖处发育泥石流扇沉积,砂体不甚发育,与辫状河扇相比,该沉积类型砾岩富集,扇体规模较小。相带变化比较明显,主要沉积微相为泥石流沉积、河道沉积与漫流沉积。该沉积体系的形成主要受构造活动、古地貌、物源区性质与古气候等因素的影响,断裂活动是该沉积体系形成的决定性因素。  相似文献   

泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带核桃园组沉积体系研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘启亮  罗顺社  刘良刚  刘海燕 《沉积与特提斯地质》2011,31(1):48-52

对泌阳凹陷南部陡坡带古近系核桃园组砂层组沉积体系进行了研究,认为研究区核桃园组属扇三角洲-湖泊沉积体系。根据沉积环境和沉积物特征可划分为扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘及前扇三角洲亚相,以三角洲前缘亚相为沉积主体。湖泊沉积体系可分为浅湖亚相、半深湖、深湖亚相。沉积物主要来源于平氏、杨桥南部。  相似文献   

Depositional character of a dry-climate alluvial fan system from Palaeoproterozoic rift setting using facies architecture and palaeohydraulics: Example from the Par Formation,Gwalior Group,central India     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

The ∼20 m thick coarse-grained clastic succession in the basal part of Palaeoproterozoic Par Formation, Gwalior Group has been investigated using process-based sedimentology and deductive palaeohydraulics. Bounded between granitic basement at its base and shallow marine succession at the top, the studied stratigraphic interval represents products of an alluvial fan and its strike-wise co-existent braided river system that possibly acted as a tributary for the fan. Detailed facies, facies association analysis allowed identification of two anatomical parts for the fan system viz. proximal and mid fan. While thin proximal fan is represented by products of rock avalanche and hyperconcentrated flows with widely varying rheology, the mid fan is represented by products of sheet floods and flows within streamlets. The interpretation found support from palaeoslope estimation carried out on the fluvial part of the mid fan that plot dominantly within the alluvial fan field demarcated by Blair and McPherson (1994). Dry climatic condition suggested from dominance of stream flow over mass flow deposition within the Par alluvial fan. Strike-wise, the fan is discontinuous and juxtaposed with a braid plain system. In contrast to the fluvial part of fan system, the palaeoslope data from the braid plain system dominantly plot within the ‘natural depositional gap’ defined by Blair and McPherson. A raised palaeoslope for the river systems, as suggested from Proterozoic braid plain deposits around the Globe, is found valid for the Par braid plain system as well. From preponderance of granular and sandy sediments within the alluvial fan and braid plain systems and a pervasive north-westward palaeocurrent pattern within the fluvial systems the present study infers a gently sloping bevelled source area in the south-southeast of the basin with occurrence of steep cliffs only locally.  相似文献